英语四六级测验简答题目题型剖析
冗长回答题(Short Answer Questions)在全国四、六级英语测验中属新题型,这种新题型已从1997年元月起在全国四、六级测验中连续利用。在四、六级测验卷面上, "冗长回答"题部分紧接在"阅读了解"部分之后。位于Paper Two上,和写作(Writing)并列为两道年夜题,每次测验为三百字阁下的文章,文章范例的难易度与阅读了解部分的类似。文章背面有五个问答题或不完整的句子,要求考生在阅读文章今后用冗长的英词句子、单词或短语,来回答所提出的题目或完成不完整的句子。测验时候为15分钟,分值为15分,与写作部分偏重。可见,冗长问答题做得好与坏、优与劣,直接干系到整个卷面的得分。
一.题型的目标和主旨
简答题是主不雅观题的一品种型。这种题型不但可以检验门生对文章的了解,同时还可以测试门生对英语的根基语法知识的掌握程度,对说话笔墨的表达、驾驭本领,是一种极好的可以表现门生综合素质的题型。
二.答题要乞降评分尺度
简答题要求考生在读懂文章的前提下,用准确、冗长的说话回答题目。这就要求考生回答题目时要注意"准确、冗长"这四个字的含义。
首先, "准确"表现在两个方面：
1.回答的内容必需准确：考生所运用的表达体例可以多种多样,各不相通,但必需依照一个准绳,那便是必需回答得准确,要准确到位,不能问东答西,牛头不对马嘴。
2.说话的表达形式必需准确：要用符合语法规范的说话表达清晰。说话出现错误时便会扣分。固然简答题的主旨是注意内容而不太注意形式,所以即便考生表达出现多种说话错误,都只扣失落0. 5分。
其次, "冗长"是很重要的尺度。考生回答题目时,要言简意赅,切忌罗嗦。因此如果考生回答题目时出现有关的内容时,便要扣除0. 5分,并且如果谜底中有相互抵牾的内容时,则内容抵牾的部分均不得分。
三.答题本领
根据以上的答题主旨和要求,我们在做这种题目时,就必需要留意一些答题本领。通俗来讲,作冗长问答题应依照以下几个步伐来举行：
1.阅读要有的放矢。可先用一分钟阁下的时候,来年夜致了解一下文章背面提出的题目及其所问的内容,做到阅读文章时心中有数,带着题目往阅读。如许做最年夜的利益是防止了阅读中的自发性,既节省了阅读时候,又提高了阅读苦守,同时也就掌握住了回答题目的准确度。
2.然后,用五分钟阁下的时候来细致阅读文章,阅读速度通俗为每分钟60个单词,不宜过快过急,不然就要影响了解结果,欲速则不达。阅读时凭仗脑中对各题所问内容的印象,捕获与题目有关的信息词。在原文和题目有关短语、句子上做响应的标记。以便做题时查找。
3.准绳上,读一遍原文即可答题,通俗难度的题目到此即可获得圆满谜底。倘使有的题目较难,难以立刻找到谜底,可有选择地再细致阅读原文中与该题有关的内容。切忌考生凭自己的主不雅观臆断来答题。
4.答题时只管即便利用自己的说话,不要过多地照抄文中的语句。谜底要简练、简明,誊写要工致清晰,夺取以最简朴易懂的词句来申明题目。
5.谜底一定要写在该题所要求写的中央,以避答非所问之嫌,而影响得分。
三.答题本领
根据以上的答题主旨和要求,我们在做这种题目时,就必需要留意一些答题本领,为了可以直不雅观地论述清晰,我们选取一篇文章为例：
In Britain, the old Road Traffic Act restricted speeds to 2 m.p.h. (miles per hour ) in towns and 4 m.p.h. in the country. Later Parliament increased the speed limit to 14 m.p.h.. But by 1903 the development of the car industry had made it necessary to raise the limit to 20 m.p.h.. By 1930, however, the law was so widely ignored that speeding restrictions were done away with altogether. For five years motorists were free to drove at whatever speeds they liked. Then in 1935 the Road Traffic Act imposed a 30 m.p.h. speed limit in built-up areas, along with the introduction of driving tests and pedestrian (行路人) crossings.Speeding is now the most common motoring offence in Britain, offences for speeding fall into three classes: exceeding the limit on a restricted road, exceeding on any road the limit for the vehicle you are driving, and exceeding the 70 m.p.h. limit on any road. A restricted road is one where the street lamps are 200 yards apart, or more.The main controversy (争论) surrounding speeding laws is the extent of their safety value. The Ministry of Transport maintains that speed limits reduce accidents. It claims that when the 30 m.p.h. limit was introduced in 1935 there was a fall of 15 percent in fatal accidents. Likewise (异样的), when the 40 m.p.h. speed limit was imposed on a number of roads in London in the late fifties, there was a 28 percent reduction in serious accidents. There were also fewer casualties (伤亡) in the year after the 70 m.p.h. motorway limit was imposed in 1966.In America, however, it is thought that the reduced accident figures are due rather to the increase in traffic density. This is why it has even been suggested that the present speed limits should be done away with completely, or that a guide should be given to inexperienced drivers and the speed limits made advisory, as is done in parts of the USA. Questions:1. During which period could British motorists drive without speed limits? From 1930 to 1935. / Between 1930 and 1935.2. What measures were adopted in 1935 in addition to the speeding restrictions? Driving tests and pedestrian crossings.3. Speeding is a motoring offence a driver commits when he_____. Drivers too fast ./ exceeds the speed limit.4. What is the opinion of British authorities concerning speeding laws? Speed limits reduce accidents.5. What reason do Americans give for the reduction in traffic accidents? The increase in traffic density1.越简朴了然越好通俗来说,这种题型得分高的频频都是那些表达极度冗长的考生。要学会抓住关键字词,问什么答什么,不要有任何多余的、滞滞泥泥的空论,如许不但做到了简练,同时也防止了写长句随便出现说话错误的毛博 2.防止机器地整句照搬、要灵活变动。
考生如果原封不动地照搬一句扣0. 5分,照搬两句以及两句以上扣2分,因此即便是一定原文中的某句便是准确谜底,也不要完整地抄上去,而应做些变动。
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