托福测验改错题常考要点及例题申明（下）Ⅲ
七、平行构造
改错题考的最多的一个方向便是平行构造
(一)对等连接词
一共有三类连接平行构造的词
单一式： and, or ,but
相干式： both…and, not… but,
either…or, neither…nor
the same…as；as…as,not so…as,not as…as
such…as, so…that.. too…to, from…to, from…until, between…and,
not only…but also(also可以省略)，Not only +主谓，also
not only…but also(also可以省略)+as well,
短语式： as well as
rather than (而不是)
other than (除…之外)
instead of (替代)
测验的体例频频是搭配中有一个单词是对的，另一个单词却不对
例：John lived in New York since 1960 to 1975,
AB
but he is now living in Detroit.
CD
申明：B错，应改为from。“从某年到某年”要用“from…to…”这个表达法，不能用since…to…。
例：Even as he wrote copiously on so diverse marketings
AB
as education ,politics ,and religion ,Lewis Mumford
remained active in city and regional planning.
CD
申明：B错,改为such diverse marketings as,出现as,频频要留意背面一半
(二)平行的内容
第一、指导词性的平行，词性的平行素质上是语法感化的平行
例：Photoperiodism is the functional or behavioral response of
AB
an organism to changes in duration of daily, seasonally,
CD
or yearly periods of light and darkness.
申明：D错，应改为seasonal。在daily, seasonally和yearly三个并列的词中，daily和yearly是描述词，seasonally是副词，故改为描述词seasonal,共同润色名词periods，三个描述词的平行，词性平行
第二、名词单双数的平行
可是如果既有可数名词，又有不可数名词，可以不平行
例：The main advertising media include direct mail,
ABC
radio, television, magazines, and newsIT.
D
申明：D错，应改为newsITs。newsIT为可数名词，在没有任何前置润色语的情况下通俗用双数形式，并且和背面的magazine平行,而mail, radio, television则是不可数名词。
例：The Canadian province of Newfoundland has a rocky coast, a moisture climate,
AB
and probably the best cod-fishing areas in the world.
CD
申明：海岸气候只要一个，可是垂钓的中央可以有良多个，所以也是不可数名词和名词双数的平行；因此D没有错，A错改为have
第三、时态的平行
例：The poet Marianne Moore was initially associated
with the imagist movement , but later develops
B
her own thyme patterns and verse forms.
CD
申明：B错，应改为developed。句中前半部分谓语为过往时，与之并列的谓语也使用过往时。
例：Because the papaya grows readily from seed , -----
spread from its home in Central America and
now grows throughout the tropics.
(A) to be(B) it
(C) the(D) its
申明：准确谜底为（B）。空格前是缘故原因状语从句，背面紧接着是谓语动词，空格处清楚缺主句主语。四个选项中只要B能零丁作主语。留意spread是过往式，没稀有的转变，因为这一举措清楚发作在过往时候。spread和grows为什么时态可以不平行呢？
正本它在Central America的故乡转达，现在在整其中央转达，now只润色背面的grow
例：Ducks have been domesticated for many centuries ----
commercially for their meat and eggs.
(A) raised(B) and are raised
(C) raised as(D) are raised
申明：准确谜底为B。空格前是一个完整的句子，根据一个空格处如再出现谓语动词一定要有连词这一准绳，B为埋头符合前提的选项。故选（B）。
第四、分各地位的平行
例：---the suITce of metal, but also weakens it.
(A) Not only does rust corrode
(B) Not only rust corrodes
(C) Rust, which not only corrodes
(D) Rust not only corrodes
申明：准确谜底为D。从but also放在动词前可知，not only也须置于动词前，故选D。A、B中的Not only地位放错了，C使句子缺主句，故拂拭。
关于not only, but also的用法有以下几种：
1、主语+not only +谓语，but also+谓语，准确；例如下面例题中的第四个选项。
2、Not only +主谓，but also+主谓，准确
3、Not only +主语+谓语，but also+谓语，错误

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