英语常用短语精解之三
to pick out
to take one’s time
to talk over
to lie down
to stand up
to sit down
all day long
by oneself
on purpose
to get along
to make no difference
to take out
1.to pick out : (to choose, select)
【申明：】to pick out（遴选，挑撰）多指购物时的遴选而言。out用作副词，描述及物动词pick.
【例：】
(1) I want to pick out some new ties to give as Christmas presents to my friends.
我要选些新领带，送给我的冤家们作为圣诞礼物。
(2)which book did you pick out to send to Helen?
你遴选了那一本书给海伦呢？
2.to take one’s time : (to work or go leisurely, not to hurry)
【申明：】to take one’s time（不迟不疾，徐徐来）指有足够的时候，尽可徐徐的往做，time的背面可以跟现在分词，如例一中的doing,作为主词补语；也可以跟in,接着用一名词或动名词作为in的受词如例二。
【例：】
(1) there is no hurry. You can take your time doing that work.
不要忙，你可以徐徐地往做谁人义务。
(2)william never works rapidly. He always takes his time in everything that he does.
威廉办事向来不匆忙，他老是从冷静容地做每一件事。
3.to talk over : (to discuss. Consider)
【申明：】to talk over（讲座，商量）指讲座、讨论尚未实施的计划或题目，或以商谈压服，使他人赞同自己的计划。背面的受词如果是名词，应放在over之后，如果是代名词，则放在over之前，如My husband talked me over.（我的丈夫压服了我。）
【例：】
(1)We talked over Mr. Reese’s plan but could not come to a decision.
我们讨论过李斯西席的计划，可是尚未获得结论。
(2)With whom did you talk over your plan to buy a new car?
你跟谁讨论你买新车的计划呢？
4.to lie down : (to recline, take a lying position)
【申明：】to lie down（躺下，横卧）指躺在床上或睡椅上休息而言。Lie是不及物动词，down是副词。
【例：】
(1) If you are tired, why don’t you lie down for an hour or so?
如果你累了，你为什么不躺上去休息一小时呢？
(2)The doctor says that Grace must lie down and rest for an hour every afternoon.
年夜夫说葛丽斯每世界战书必需躺上去休息一小时。
5.to stand up : (to rise, take an upright or standing position after being seated)
【申明：】to stand up（起立）指从坐下的姿态转取直立或站着的姿态而言。
【例：】
(1) When the President entered, everyone in the room stood up.
总统出去时，室内每团体起立。
(2)When the“Star - Spangled Banner” is played, everyone must stand up and remove his hat.
当奏美国国歌时，巨匠都应该起立并且脱帽。
6.to sit down : (to take a sitting position after standing)
【申明：】to sit down（坐下）指从站着的姿态转取坐下的姿态而言。主人宴主人坐下可以说“Sit down”或“have a seat,”或“Take a seat,”或“Be seated.”
【例：】
(1) After standing for so long, it was a pleasure to sit down and rest.
站得太久了，坐上去休息真是高兴。
(2)We sat down on the park bench and watched the people as they passed.
我们坐在公园的长凳上，把稳考察着来往的行人。
7.all day long : (the entire day, continuously through the day)
【申明：】all day long（整天，全日）为副词片语，也可以用all the day long.指做某一件事，在一天中不会间断。
【例：】
(1) I have been working on this problem all day long.
我钻研这题目已经有一整天了。
(2)She shopped all day long looking for a new dress.
她为了选购一件新衣服，逛了一整天的市肆。
8.by oneself : (alone)
【申明：】by oneself（单独，自力）为副词片语，oneself包括myself, yourself, himself等，为反身代名词。
【例：】
(1) John did the work by himself. No one helped him.
约翰单独做这义务，没有人帮他忙。
(2)She likes to walk by herself through the park.
她喜好一团体在公园里漫步。
9.on purpose : (purposely, intentionally)
【申明：】on purpose（存心，蓄意，预谋）与of set purpose赞同，每每放在句子的背面。
【例：】
(1) It was no accident. She broke the dish on purpose.
这不并是意外的事，她是存心把碟子冲破的。
(2)Do you think he made that mistake on purpose?
他以为他是存心弄错的吗？
10.to get along : (to do, succeed, make progress)
【申明：】to get along（举行，乐成，有希望）指在某一种义务或学问上有提高与生长而言，背面用in。别的这个片语也有和好相处的意思，如He and she cannot get along with each other.（他和她两人处不来），背面用with。
【例：】
(1) John is getting along very well in his study of English.
约翰学习英语很有提高。
(2)How is Mr. Holmes getting along in his new job?
贺尔姆斯西席的新义务做得如何？
11.to make no difference : (to be of equal importance)
【申明：】
to make no difference（没有区别，没有干系）于两种不合的气象或事物，某人以为没有区别，无足轻重。用此针言时常以虚字it为其主词，如上述二例句，背面用whether介绍的名词子句则为真正主词。至于二句中to me与to you的to ,亦可改用with.
【例：】
(1) When I asked him whether he wanted to go in the morning or in the afternoon, he said:“ It doesn’t make any difference to me.”
当我问他要清早往照旧下战书往的时候，他说“这对我没有什么干系”。
(2)does it make any difference to you whether we have our lesson at two o’clock or at three o’clock?
我们在两点钟上课大概在三点钟上课，你以为没有干系吗？
12.to take out : (to remove, extract)
【申明：】to take out（掏出，拔出）中的out是副词，如果take的受词是名词，多数放在out的背面，如果受词是代名词则放在take与out之间。
【例：】
(1)William took out his handkerchief and wiped his forehead.
威廉掏脱手帕擦擦他的前额。
(2)The thief suddenly took out a knife and attacked the policeman.
这个贼突然拔出一把小刀向IT打击。
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