攀岩：The ABCs of rock climbing
Rock climbing is the original extreme sport． Basically , rock climbing is going from the bottom of a wall to the top and then back down again. The main goal is to have fun while doing so and to preferably not die. Its roots go back at least 200 years to the explorers of the high Alps and Himalayas and probably even 6)further. It’s a dangerous sport that requires experience, skill and a cool head. But if you’re the right type of person to do it, a whole new world of vertical fun will open up.攀岩是最早的极限活动。根基上，攀岩便是从岩壁底部爬到顶端，然后再趴上去。重要目标便是享用攀爬兴趣，另有最好别摔去世。它的发源至少可以追溯到二百年前阿尔卑斯山与喜马拉雅山的平地探险家，乃至年夜概更早。这是需要履历、本领跟冷静脑筋的危险活动。不外，如果你是合适攀岩的人，一个垂直兴趣的新世界将会今后展开。
1) original (a.)正本的，最早的 2) basically (adv.)根基上 3) preferably (adv.)较好，宁肯
4) explorer (n.)探险家5) probably (adv.)很年夜概 6) further (adv.)更进一步
7) require (v.)要求，需要8) vertical (a.)垂直的
The best and safest way to get started is to go to an indoor climbing gym . The“rock” walls at an indoor gym are not really made of rock at all. They are usually tall wooden walls with hard plastic handholds set at various angles. The handholds feel like rock, and allow the climber to have as realistic an experience as possible.
最好、最平安的进门体例便是往室内攀岩常室内攀岩场的「岩壁」并不是真的岩石。每每是高大的木墙，设置各种不合角度的硬质塑料岩点。岩点摸起来很像岩石，攀岩者可以获得最靠近真实的体验。
1) indoor (a.)室内的 2) gym (n.)体育馆 3) wooden (a.)木制的
4) plastic (a.)塑料的 5) handhold (n.)可以抓的中央。在攀岩的术语中称为「岩点」
6) various (a.)百般百般的 7) angle (n.)角度 8) climber (n.)攀爬者 9) realistic (a.)真实的
Climbing gyms have many 1)advantages. They are safe because experienced climbers are always around. People can learn from 2)instructors how to belay－to hold a partner’s rope while he or she is climbing. You can also take classes that teach important safety skills. Furthermore, you don’t have to buy lots of expensive 3)equipment. Gyms usually 4)provide ropes and 5)rent shoes, 6)harnesses and belaying 7)devices. And let’s face it: when you can use an indoor gym, there’s no 8)excuse to 9)skip practice on a rainy day.室内攀岩场有良多利益。这里很平安，因为总有履历老练的攀岩者在常可以跟教练学习若何做确保——便是在同伴攀岩时拉住他或她的绳子。也可以上课学习重要的平安本领。别的，你不用购买一堆昂贵配备。攀岩场每每会供给绳子以及出租攀岩鞋、平安带跟确保装配。并且说实话：当你有室内攀岩场可往，下雨天就再也不是打消练习的捏词了。
1) advantage (n.)利益
2) instructor (n.)西席，教练
3) equipment (n.)配备，东西
4) provide (v.)供给
5) rent (v.)出租，租用
6) harness (n.)配备，系在身上的绳子
7) device (n.)装配
8) excuse (n.)捏词
9) skip (v.)跳过，省往
After you’ve 1)toughened up your hands and built up some 2)enthusiasm at an indoor gym, it’s time to go 3)outdoors and try sport climbing. To do this, it’s
necessary to buy some 4)gear. Except for the most popular spots, you’ll need to bring your own rope, climbing shoes, 5)helmet, belaying devices and 6)clips for the 7)bolts on the rock walls. Some 8)chalk for your hands would be nice too.
在室内攀岩场把手磨粗了、培养起一些热情之后，该是走出户外，尝尝活动攀岩的时候了。要做活动攀岩就得推销一些配备。除了一些人气最高的地点之外，都得自备绳子、攀岩鞋、平安帽、确保装配，以及扣在岩壁耳片上的快扣。准备些擦在手上的滑石粉也不错。
1) toughen up (v.)使坚固，使粗拙
2) enthusiasm (n.)热中
3) outdoors (adv.)户外
4) gear (n.)器具
5) helmet (n.)平安帽，头盔
6) clip (n.)夹子。攀岩中牢固绳子用的「扣环」
7) bolt (n.)螺栓。攀岩中牢固绳子用的「耳片」
8) chalk (n.)白垩，即滑石粉
Sport climbing started in the 1970s when French rock climbers began 1)drilling bolts into rock walls to make them safer to climb. Because the bolts were never taken out, climbers didn’t need to worry about IT their own 2)trails. As the climbers went up, they just clipped their ropes onto the bolts. The bolts made falling less dangerous, so sport climbers tried the same 3)route again and again (falling often) until they got it just right.活动攀岩发源于一九七○年代，那时法国攀岩者开始在岩壁上钻进耳片，增加攀岩的平安性。因为耳片从不掏出，所以攀岩者不用担心要自己建立路途。攀岩者上攀时，只须将绳子扣在耳片上即可。耳片可以减低坠落的危险，所以活动攀岩者可以赓续尝试相通的路途（常常会坠落），直到完全准确为止。
1) drill (v.)钻凿
2) trail (n.)小径
3) route (n.)路途
OK, you’ve done your time at the indoor gym and you’ve“sent” enough sport climb routes. Now you want to try something new. It’s time for a 1)traditional climb. For this type of climbing, you have to be 2)mentally prepared. There won’t be any bolts 3)fastened to the rock walls, so it’s up to you to put them there. For this, you’ll need special tools that 4)stick into holes and 5)cracks in the rock. These tools then 6)attach to your rope. Finding the right place to put the tools that will save your life requires a cool head. If you 7)panic, there’s a good chance you’ll die. So make sure you try an indoor gym first.好，你已经花了足够的时候在室内攀岩，也「经由历程」了够多的活动攀岩路途。现在你想尝试点新玩意。是该做传统攀岩的时候了。这种攀岩你必需做好心理准备。没有任何紧栓在岩壁上的耳片，所以你必需自己打耳片上往。要这么做，你需要可以卡进洞孔与裂缝的特别工具。然后这些工具要扣在你的绳子上。探求准确地位装上这些可以救你一命的工具，需要冷静的脑筋。如果你张皇，很年夜概会因此送去世。所以一定要先从室内攀岩场开始。
1) traditional (a.)传统的
2) mentally (adv.)在心理上
3) fasten (v.)牢固
4) stick (v.)塞，卡
5) crack (n.)裂缝
6) attach (v.)附着
7) panic (v.)惶恐
There are many ways to rock climb. You could spend a few hours a week at a gym, getting 1)in shape and getting to know some climbing 2)buddies. Or you could just go out on your weekends to climb at a favorite spot. Or if you’re really into it, you might put handholds all over your house to practice on. However you do it, rock climbing can bring out the true monkey in you.攀岩有良多体例。你可以每周花几个小时在室内攀岩场，练练身段，跟一些攀岩同伴混熟。也可以在周末直接到你喜好的地点攀岩。真的很热中攀岩的话，也允许以在家里遍设岩点来练习。不论你用哪个体例，攀岩都可以激起出你内涵的原始猴性。
1) in shape (phr.)体能状况精良
2) buddy (n.)同伴，好友